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What is Android Fragment and what is its use ?
Android fragment lifecycle is affected by activity lifecycle because fragments are included in activity.
Each fragment has its own life cycle methods that is affected by activity life cycle because fragments are embedded in activity.
The FragmentManager class is responsible to make interaction between fragment objects.
Android Fragment Lifecycle
The lifecycle of android section is similar to the action lifecycle. There are 12 lifecycle techniques for piece.
| No. | Method | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1) | onAttach(Activity) | it is called only once when it is attached with activity. |
| 2) | onCreate(Bundle) | It is used to initialize the fragment. |
| 3) | onCreateView(LayoutInflater, ViewGroup, Bundle) | creates and returns view hierarchy. |
| 4) | onActivityCreated(Bundle) | It is invoked after the completion of onCreate() method. |
| 5) | onViewStateRestored(Bundle) | It provides information to the fragment that all the saved state of fragment view hierarchy has been restored. |
| 6) | onStart() | makes the fragment visible. |
| 7) | onResume() | makes the fragment interactive. |
| 8) | onPause() | is called when fragment is no longer interactive. |
| 9) | onStop() | is called when fragment is no longer visible. |
| 10) | onDestroyView() | allows the fragment to clean up resources. |
| 11) | onDestroy() | allows the fragment to do final clean up of fragment state. |
| 12) | onDetach() | It is called immediately prior to the fragment no longer being associated with its activity. |
Android Fragment Example
activity_main.xml
File: activity_main.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent" >
<fragment
android:id="@+id/fragment2"
android:name="com.example.fragmentexample.Fragment2"
android:layout_width="0px"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1"
/>
<fragment
android:id="@+id/fragment1"
android:name="com.example.fragmentexample.Fragment1"
android:layout_width="0px"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1"
/>
</LinearLayout>
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent" >
<fragment
android:id="@+id/fragment2"
android:name="com.example.fragmentexample.Fragment2"
android:layout_width="0px"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1"
/>
<fragment
android:id="@+id/fragment1"
android:name="com.example.fragmentexample.Fragment1"
android:layout_width="0px"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1"
/>
</LinearLayout>
File: fragment1.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:background="#00ff00"
>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="fragment frist"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />
</LinearLayout>
File: fragment2.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:background="#0000ff"
>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Second Fragment"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />
</LinearLayout>
MainActivity class
File: MainActivity.java
package com.dheeruapps.fragmentexample;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
}
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
}
File: Fragment1.java
package com.dheeruapps.fragmentexample;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment1,container, false);
}
}
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment1,container, false);
}
}
File: Fragment2.java
package com.dheeruapps.fragmentexample;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class Fragment2 extends Fragment {
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment2,container, false);
}
}
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class Fragment2 extends Fragment {
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment2,container, false);
}
}
Output:
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